Infección por el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana tipo 1 (VIH-1) y su asociación con manifestaciones orales

Mónica Chávez Vivas, Norma Gonzales, Diego Sánchez

Resumen


Las manifestaciones orales en pacientes infectados por VIH son múltiples, variadas y a veces constituyen la primera evidencia de que albergan el virus. La variabilidad interindividual en la progresión a SIDA se relaciona con factores que modifican la relación Virus-Paciente. Algunos mecanismos inmunológicos estarían involucrados con la infección y contribuirían al deterioro progresivo de la función inmune y a la progresión de la enfermedad hasta el SIDA, así como factores virológicos asociados a las altas tasas replicativa y mutacional virales, que desencadenan la elevada variabilidad del virus, con infecciones más severas y notables manifestaciones orales. Los pacientes infectados con variantes virales con tasa de replicación y carga viral bajas manifiestan lenta progresión a la enfermedad y disminución en la severidad de las enfermedades asociadas. En este artículo se revisan aspectos relacionados con los pacientes VIH y su relación con factores ambientales, virales, genéticos y la respuesta inmune efectiva en la mucosa oral, que influyen en la progresión a SIDA.


Palabras clave


VIH/SIDA; no progresores; manifestaciones orales; inmunidad; coinfecciones.

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Referencias


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21774/cys.v1i2.126

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